​This is the minimum Federal curriculum requirements for trainees seeking a Passenger (P) endorsement. Training providers must also comply with any applicable State requirements. Passenger endorsement applicants must complete the curriculum outlined in this section, which applies to trainees who expect to operate CMVs in any of the vehicle groups defined in 49 CFR 383.91(a)(1)-(3) for which a P endorsement is required.

Theory Instruction

There are no required minimum instruction hours for theory training, but the provider must cover all the topics set forth in the curriculum. Training providers must use assessments (in written or electronic format) to determine if trainees are proficient in all units of the theory curriculum. Students must earn a minimum overall score of 80 percent on the theory assessment(s). 

C1.1
C1.2
C1.3
C1.4
C1.5
C1.6
C1.7
C1.8
C1.9
C1.10
C1.11
C1.12
C1.13
C1.14
C1.15
C1.16
C1.17
C1.18​

Post-Crash Procedures
Other Emergency Procedures
Vehicle Orientation
Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection
Fueling
Idling
Baggage and/or Cargo Management
Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing
Passenger Management
Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Compliance
​Hours of Service (HOS) Requirements
​Safety Belt Safety
Distracted Driving
Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossings and Drawbridges
Weigh Stations
Security and Crime
Roadside Inspections
​Penalties and Fines

Unit C1.1 Post-Crash Procedures
This unit must teach driver-trainees appropriate post-crash procedures, including the requirement that the driver, if possible, assess his or her physical condition immediately after the crash and notify authorities, or assign the task to a passenger or other individuals at the crash scene. Also, training providers must teach driver-trainees how to obtain emergency medical assistance; move on-road vehicles off the road in minor crashes so as to avoid subsequent crashes or injuries; engage flashers, reflective triangles and other warning devices for stopped vehicles; and properly use a fire extinguisher if necessary.
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Unit C1.1 Post-Crash Procedures
This unit must teach driver-trainees appropriate post-crash procedures, including the requirement that the driver, if possible, assess his or her physical condition immediately after the crash and notify authorities, or assign the task to a passenger or other individuals at the crash scene. Also, training providers must teach driver-trainees how to obtain emergency medical assistance; move on-road vehicles off the road in minor crashes so as to avoid subsequent crashes or injuries; engage flashers, reflective triangles and other warning devices for stopped vehicles; and properly use a fire extinguisher if necessary.

Unit C1.2 Other Emergency Procedures
This unit must instruct driver-trainees in managing security breaches, on-board fires, emergency exit and passenger evacuation training, medical emergencies, and emergency stopping procedures including the deployment of various emergency hazard signals. Instruction must also include procedures for dealing with mechanical breakdowns and vehicle defects while enroute.

Unit C1.3 Vehicle Orientation
This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic physical and operational characteristics of passenger-carrying CMV (e.g., bus and motor coach), including overall height, length, width, ground clearances, rear overhang, Gross Vehicle Weight and Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, axle weights, wheels and rims, tires, tire ratings, mirrors, steer wheels, lighting, windshield, windshield wipers, engine compartments, basic electrical system, brake systems, as applicable, and spare tire storage. Additionally, training providers must instruct driver-trainees in techniques for proper driver seat and mirror adjustments.

Unit C1.4 Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection
This unit must teach the driver-trainee the importance of pre-trip, enroute, and post-trip inspections; and provide instruction in techniques for conducting such inspections as stated in 49 CFR 392.7 and 49 CFR 396.11, and demonstrate their ability to inspect the following:

1. Emergency exits;
2. Passenger-carrying CMV interiors (including passenger seats as applicable);
3. Restrooms and associated environmental requirements.
4. Temperature controls (for maintaining passenger comfort);
5. Driver and passenger seat belts.

Additionally, training providers must instruct driver-trainees in procedures, as applicable, in security-related inspections, including inspections for unusual wires or other abnormal visible materials, interior and exterior luggage compartments, packages or luggage left behind, and signs of cargo or vehicle tampering. Finally, training providers must instruct driver-trainees in cycling-accessible lifts and procedures for inspecting them for functionality and defects.

Unit C1.5 Fueling
This unit must instruct driver-trainees on the significance of avoiding refueling a bus while passengers are onboard and the imperative of avoiding refueling in an enclosed space.

Unit C1.6 Idling
This unit must teach driver-trainees the importance of compliance with State and local laws and regulations, including for example, idling limits, fuel savings; and the consequences of non-compliance, including adverse health effects and penalties.

Unit C1.7 Baggage and/or Cargo Management
In this unit, training providers must teach driver-trainees:

1. Proper methods for handling and securing passenger baggage and containers, as applicable.
2. Procedures for identifying and inspecting baggage and containers for prohibited items, such as hazardous materials.
3. Proper handling and securement of devices associated with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance, including oxygen, wheeled mobility devices, and other associated apparatuses.

Unit C1.8 Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing
This unit must teach driver-trainees how to brief passengers on safety topics including fastening seat belts, emergency exits, emergency phone contact information, fire extinguisher location, safely walking in the aisle when the bus is moving, and restroom emergency push button or switch.

Unit C1.9 Passenger Management
In this unit, training providers must teach driver-trainees:

1. Proper procedures for safe loading and unloading of passengers prior to departure, including rules concerning standing passengers and the standee line.
2. Procedures for dealing with disruptive passengers.

Unit C1.10 Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) Compliance
Along with addressing the proper operation of accessibility equipment (e.g., lifts), this must teach driver-trainees the applicable regulations and proper procedures for engaging persons with disabilities or special needs under the ADA. Training must cover passengers with mobility issues, engaging passengers with sight, hearing, or cognitive impairments, and recognizing the permitted use of service animals.

Unit C1.11 Hours of Service (HOS) Requirements
This unit must teach driver-trainees the HOS regulations that apply to drivers for interstate passenger carriers. Training providers must teach driver-trainees the basic activities required by the HOS regulations, such as completing a Driver's Daily Log (electronic and paper), timesheet, and logbook recap, as appropriate. Training providers must teach driver-trainees how to recognize the signs of fatigue and basic fatigue countermeasures as a means to avoid crashes.

Unit C1.12 Safety Belt Safety
This unit must teach driver-trainees the Federal rules governing the proper use of safety restraint systems by CMV drivers, as set forth in 49 CFR 392.16.

Unit C1.13 Distracted Driving
This unit must teach driver-trainees FMCSA regulations that prohibit drivers from texting or using hand-held mobile phones while operating their vehicles (e.g., 49 CFR 392.80 and 49 CFR 392.82); and must teach the serious consequences of violations, including crashes, heavy fines, and impacts on a motor carrier's and/or driver's safety records, such as driver disqualification.

Unit C1.14 Railroad (RR)-Highway Grade Crossings and Drawbridges
This unit must instruct driver-trainees in applicable regulations, techniques, and procedures for navigating RR-highway grade crossings and drawbridges appropriate to passenger buses.

Unit C1.15 Weigh Stations
This unit must teach driver-trainees the weigh-station regulations that apply to buses.

Unit C1.16 Security and Crime
This unit must teach driver-trainees the basic techniques for recognizing and minimizing physical risks from criminal activities.

Unit C1.17 Roadside Inspections
This unit must teach driver-trainees what to expect during a standard roadside inspection conducted by authorized personnel. Training providers must teach driver-trainees what passenger-carrying vehicle and driver violations are classified as out-of-service (OOS), including the ramifications and penalties for operating a CMV when subject to an OOS order as defined in 49 CFR 390.5.

​Unit C1.18 Penalties and Fines
This unit must teach driver-trainees the potential consequences of violating driver-related regulations, including impacts on driver and motor carrier safety records, adverse impacts on the driver's Pre-employment Screening Program record; financial penalties for both the driver and carrier; and possible loss of CMV driving privileges.

Behind-the-Wheel Range & Public Roads

​There are no required minimum instruction hours for BTW training, but training providers must determine whether trainees are proficient in all elements of the BTW curriculum. Instructors must document the total number of clock hours (one clock hour for each 60 minutes of instruction) each trainee takes to complete the BTW curriculum. This BTW training consists of exercises related to basic vehicle control skills and mastery of basic maneuvers necessary to operate the vehicle safely. The instructor must engage in active communication with the trainees during all BTW training sessions. ​The training must be conducted in a passenger vehicle of the same vehicle group as the applicant intends to drive.

C2.1
C2.2
C2.3
C2.4
C2.5
​C2.6

Vehicle Orientation
Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection
Baggage and/or Cargo Management
Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing
Passenger Management
​Railroad-Highway Grade Crossing

Unit C2.1 Vehicle Orientation
Driver-trainees must demonstrate their familiarity with basic passenger-carrying CMV physical and operational characteristics including overall height, length, width, ground clearances, rear overhang, gross vehicle weight and gross vehicle weight rating, axle weights, wheels and rims, tires, tire ratings, mirrors, steer wheels, lighting, windshield, windshield wipers, engine compartments, basic electric system, and spare tire storage. Additionally, driver-trainees must demonstrate techniques for proper driver's seat and mirror adjustments.

Unit C2.2 Pre-Trip, Enroute, and Post-Trip Inspection
Driver-trainees must demonstrate proficiency in conducting such pre-trip, enroute and post-trip inspections of buses and key components of 49 CFR 392.7 and 49 CFR 396.11, and demonstrate their ability to inspect the following:

1. Emergency exits;
2. Passenger-carrying CMV interiors (including passenger seats as applicable);
3. Restrooms and associated environmental requirements;
4. Temperature controls (for maintaining passenger comfort); and
5. Driver and passenger seat belts.

Additionally, driver-trainees must demonstrate their knowledge of procedures, as applicable, in security-related inspections, including inspections for unusual wires or other abnormal visible materials, interior and exterior luggage compartments, packages or luggage left behind, and signs of cargo or vehicle tampering. Driver-trainees must be familiar with the operation of cycling-accessible lifts and the procedures for inspecting them for functionality and defects. For passenger-carrying vehicles equipped with said lifts and tie-down positions, trainee must demonstrate their ability to operate the cycling-accessible lifts.

Unit C2.3 Baggage and/or Cargo Management
In this unit, driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to:

1. Properly handle passenger baggage and containers to avoid worker, passenger, and non-passenger related injuries and property damage;
2. Visually inspect baggage and containers for prohibited items, such as hazardous materials and identify such items;
3. Properly handle and secure devices associated with ADA compliance including oxygen, wheeled mobility devices, and other associated apparatuses.

Unit C2.4 Passenger Safety Awareness Briefing
Driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to brief passengers on safety on topics including: Fastening seat belts, emergency exits, emergency phone contact information, fire extinguisher location, safely walking in the aisle when the bus is moving, and restroom emergency push button or switch.

Unit C2.5 Passenger Management
In this unit, driver-trainees must demonstrate their ability to safely load and unload passengers prior to departure and to deal with disruptive passengers.

Unit C2.6 Railroad-Highway Grade Crossings
Driver-trainees must demonstrate proper procedures for safely navigating railroad-highway grade crossings in a passenger-carrying CMV.